You Searched For: Biotium

Catalog Number: (BNUM0913-50)

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a protein of 110 kDa, which is identified as androgen receptor (AR). It reacts with full length, and the newly described A form of the receptor. It does not cross react with estrogen, progesterone, or glucocorticoid receptors. The expression of AR is reportedly inversely correlated with histologic grade i.e. well differentiated prostate tumors show higher expression than the poorly differentiated tumors. In prostate cancer, AR has been proposed, as a marker of hormone-responsiveness and thus it may be useful in identifying patients likely to benefit from anti-androgen therapy. Anti-androgen receptor has been useful clinically in differentiating morpheaform basal cell carcinoma (mBCC) from desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE) in the skin.This MAb is superb for staining of formalin/paraffin tissues.

UOM: 1 * 50 µl

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Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a protein of 27 kDa, identified as the Bcl-X protein. This MAb shows no cross-reaction with Bcl-2 or Bax protein. Bcl-X has two isoforms, Bcl-XL (long), a 241 amino acid protein which suppresses cell death. And Bcl-XS (short), a 178 amino acid protein lacking a 63 amino acid domain which functions as a dominant inhibitor of Bcl-2. This MAb reacts with both Bcl-XS and Bcl-XL proteins.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This MAb is an excellent marker for all nuclei in cells in tissues. It is a part of a new panel of reagents, which recognizes subcellular organelles or compartments of cells. These markers may be useful in identification of these organelles in cells, tissues, and biochemical preparations. This MAb recognizes an antigen associated with the nuclei in all cells. It can be used to stain the nuclei in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a nuclear marker in subcellular fractions. It produces a speckled pattern in normal and malignant cells and may be used to stain the nuclei of cells in fixed or frozen tissue sections. It can also be used with paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissue or cell preparations.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This MAb is an excellent marker for all nuclei in cells in tissues. It is a part of a new panel of reagents, which recognizes subcellular organelles or compartments of cells. These markers may be useful in identification of these organelles in cells, tissues, and biochemical preparations. This MAb recognizes an antigen associated with the nuclei in all cells. It can be used to stain the nuclei in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a nuclear marker in subcellular fractions. It produces a speckled pattern in normal and malignant cells and may be used to stain the nuclei of cells in fixed or frozen tissue sections. It can also be used with paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissue or cell preparations.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a protein of 33-55 kDa, identified as CD53 (Workshop VI; Code N-L033). It is expressed on monocytes and macrophages, dendritic cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and on T and B cells from every stage of differentiation but is absent from platelets, red blood cells. CD53 appears to be the marker with widest reactivity as well as the marker with the strictest specificity to hematopoietic cells. CD53 is a type III membrane with both termini in the cytoplasm and two loops in the extracellular environment. This molecule, in common with other members of tetraspan family, is involved in cellular activation as part of a signal transduction complex involving other membrane glycoproteins. CD53 crosslinking induces calcium flux on human monocyte and B cells. Cross-linking of CD53 promotes activation of resting human B-lymphocytes. This MAb recognizes CD53 transfected cells and partially inhibits T-cell proliferation induced by CD3 antibody (clone: UCHT1).

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a cluster of proteins between 70-80 kDa, identified as tyrosinase. Occasionally a minor band at 55 kDa is also detected. This MAb shows no cross-reaction with MAGE-1 and tyrosinase-related protein 1, TRP-1/gp75. Tyrosinase is a copper-containing metalloglycoprotein that catalyzes several steps in the melanin pigment biosynthetic pathway; the hydroxylation of tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxy-phenylalanine (dopa), and the subsequent oxidation of dopa to dopaquinone. Mutations of the tyrosinase gene occur in various forms of albinism. Tyrosinase is one of the targets for cytotoxic T-cell recognition in melanoma patients. Staining of melanomas with this MAb shows tyrosinase in melanotic as well as amelanotic variants. This MAb is a useful marker for melanocytes and melanomas.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This antibody recognizes a 63 kDa protein, which is identified as TOX3. It contains a high mobility group (HMG)-box, which regulates Ca2 -dependent transcription in neurons through interaction with the cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB). TOX3 appears to be associated with breast cancer susceptibility and is expressed downstream of a cytoprotective cascade together with CITED1, a transcriptional regulator that does not bind directly to DNA. TOX3 is predominantly expressed in the brain and forms homodimers. TOX3 overexpression protects neuronal cells from cell death caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress or BAX overexpression through the induction of anti-apoptotic transcripts and repression of pro-apoptotic transcripts.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This antibody cocktail recognizes three melanoma-specific proteins, which include MART-1, Tyrosinase and gp100. MART-1 is a newly identified melanocyte differentiation antigen recognized by autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Tyrosinase is one of the targets for cytotoxic T-cell recognition in melanoma patients. The function of gp100 is not known but it is reported to be a useful marker for melanocytes and melanomas. This cocktail of three markers is designed for extremely sensitive labeling of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded melanomas and other tumors showing melanocytic differentiation.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a protein of 27 kDa, identified as the Bcl-X protein. This MAb shows no cross-reaction with Bcl-2 or Bax protein. Bcl-X has two isoforms, Bcl-XL (long), a 241 amino acid protein which suppresses cell death. And Bcl-XS (short), a 178 amino acid protein lacking a 63 amino acid domain which functions as a dominant inhibitor of Bcl-2. This MAb reacts with both Bcl-XS and Bcl-XL proteins.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: S100 belongs to the family of calcium binding proteins. S100A and S100B proteins are two members of the S100 family. S100A is composed of an alpha and beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. S-100 protein has been found in normal melanocytes, Langerhans cells, histiocytes, chondrocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, Schwann cells, epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the breast, salivary and sweat glands, as well as in glial cells. Neoplasms derived from these cells also express S-100 protein, albeit non-uniformly. A large number of well-differentiated tumors of the salivary gland, adipose and cartilaginous tissue, and Schwann cell-derived tumors express S-100 protein. Almost all malignant melanomas and cases of histiocytosis X are positive for S-100 protein. Despite the fact that S-100 protein is an ubiquitous substance, its demonstration is of great value in the identification of several neoplasms, particularly melanomas and their metastases.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: S100 belongs to the family of calcium binding proteins. S100A and S100B proteins are two members of the S100 family. S100A is composed of an alpha and beta chain whereas S100B is composed of two beta chains. S-100 protein has been found in normal melanocytes, Langerhans cells, histiocytes, chondrocytes, lipocytes, skeletal and cardiac muscle, Schwann cells, epithelial and myoepithelial cells of the breast, salivary and sweat glands, as well as in glial cells. Neoplasms derived from these cells also express S-100 protein, albeit non-uniformly. A large number of well-differentiated tumors of the salivary gland, adipose and cartilaginous tissue, and Schwann cell-derived tumors express S-100 protein. Almost all malignant melanomas and cases of histiocytosis X are positive for S-100 protein. Despite the fact that S-100 protein is an ubiquitous substance, its demonstration is of great value in the identification of several neoplasms, particularly melanomas and their metastases.

Catalog Number: (BNUM0175-50)

Supplier: Biotium

Description: CD46 acts as a cofactor for complement factor I, a serine protease, which protects autologous cells against complement-mediated injury by cleaving C3b and C4b deposited on host tissue. It may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. CD46 acts as a co-stimulatory factor for T-cells, which induces the differentiation of CD4 into T-regulatory 1 cells. T-regulatory 1 cells suppress immune responses by secreting interleukin-10, and therefore are thought to prevent autoimmunity. A number of viral and bacterial pathogens seem to exploit this property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells by binding to CD46.

UOM: 1 * 50 µl

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Supplier: Biotium

Description: CD46 acts as a cofactor for complement factor I, a serine protease, which protects autologous cells against complement-mediated injury by cleaving C3b and C4b deposited on host tissue. It may be involved in the fusion of the spermatozoa with the oocyte during fertilization. CD46 acts as a co-stimulatory factor for T-cells, which induces the differentiation of CD4 into T-regulatory 1 cells. T-regulatory 1 cells suppress immune responses by secreting interleukin-10, and therefore are thought to prevent autoimmunity. A number of viral and bacterial pathogens seem to exploit this property and directly induce an immunosuppressive phenotype in T-cells by binding to CD46.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This antibody recognizes a protein of 25-26 kDa, identified as the bcl-2 α oncoprotein. It shows no cross-reaction with Bcl-x or Bax protein. Expression of bcl-2 α oncoprotein inhibits programmed cell death (apoptosis). In most follicular lymphomas, neoplastic germinal centers express high levels of bcl-2 α protein, whereas the normal or hyperplastic germinal centers are negative. Consequently, this antibody is valuable when distinguishing between reactive and neoplastic follicular proliferation in lymph node biopsies. It may also be used in distinguishing between those follicular lymphomas that express bcl-2 protein and the small number in which the neoplastic cells are bcl-2 negative.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: β2 microglobulin is a 12 kDa protein with a pI of 5.6. Serum β2 microglobulin levels are a reflection of cell turnover. Levels rise with fever, inflammation, and infection. Increased serum levels are also seen in B-cell malignancies and in renal failure and may indicate a worse prognosis for patients with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. In urine, increased levels are seen in proximal renal tubular disease as well as renal transplant rejection. β2 microglobulin levels can rise either because its rate of synthesis has increased (e.g. in AIDS, malignant monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia, solid tumours and autoimmune disease) or because of impaired renal filtration (e.g. due to renal insufficiency, graft rejection or nephrotoxicity induced by post-transplantation immunosuppressive therapy).

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a 60 kDa protein, identified as the heat shock protein 60 (hsp60). Its epitope is localized between aa 383-447 of human hsp60. A wide variety of environmental and pathophysiological stressful conditions trigger the synthesis of a family of proteins known as heat shock proteins (hsp), more appropriately called as stress response proteins (srp). hsp60 is a potential antigen in a number of autoimmune diseases. In human arthritis and in experimentally induced arthritis in animals, disease development coincides with the development of immune reactivity directed against not only bacterial hsp60, but also against its mammalian homolog. Clone LK1, unlike LK2, recognizes only the mammalian (not bacterial) hsp60 and is useful in distinguishing hsp60 from mammals and bacteria.